ICD-11 code 1F28.4 refers to a specific condition known as Kerion. Kerion is a type of inflammatory scalp infection that is typically seen in individuals with a fungal infection known as tinea capitis. Symptoms of Kerion include painful, swollen, and pus-filled lesions on the scalp that may be accompanied by hair loss.
Kerion is caused by a hypersensitivity reaction to the fungus that causes tinea capitis. This condition is more commonly seen in children, but can also occur in adults. Diagnosis of Kerion is typically confirmed through clinical examination and may require laboratory testing to identify the specific fungus causing the infection.
Treatment for Kerion often involves oral antifungal medication to eliminate the underlying fungal infection. In some cases, topical steroids may be prescribed to help reduce inflammation and promote healing. It is important for individuals with Kerion to follow their healthcare provider’s recommendations for treatment to prevent complications and ensure a full recovery.
Table of Contents:
- #️⃣ Coding Considerations
- 🔎 Symptoms
- 🩺 Diagnosis
- 💊 Treatment & Recovery
- 🌎 Prevalence & Risk
- 😷 Prevention
- 🦠 Similar Diseases
#️⃣ Coding Considerations
The SNOMED CT code for the ICD-11 code 1F28.4, which corresponds to the medical condition known as Kerion, is 35326004. This code is used to specifically identify and classify cases of Kerion within medical records and databases. Kerion is a type of severe inflammatory reaction that occurs as a result of a fungal infection, typically in the hair follicles of the scalp. It is characterized by a raised, inflamed lesion that is often filled with pus. Dermatologists and other healthcare professionals use this code to accurately document and communicate the diagnosis of Kerion to ensure proper treatment and follow-up care for patients. By using standardized coding systems like SNOMED CT, healthcare providers can improve the accuracy and efficiency of medical documentation and data exchange related to conditions such as Kerion.
In the United States, ICD-11 is not yet in use. The U.S. is currently using ICD-10-CM (Clinical Modification), which has been adapted from the WHO’s ICD-10 to better suit the American healthcare system’s requirements for billing and clinical purposes. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) have not yet set a specific date for the transition to ICD-11.
The situation in Europe varies by country. Some European nations are considering the adoption of ICD-11 or are in various stages of planning and pilot studies. However, as with the U.S., full implementation may take several years due to similar requirements for system updates and training.
🔎 Symptoms
The clinical presentation of 1F28.4 (Kerion) is characterized by a large, tender, and inflamed mass on the scalp. This mass is typically firm to the touch and may be accompanied by redness and crusting of the skin. Patients with Kerion may also experience pain and tenderness in the affected area, which can vary in severity.
In addition to the physical symptoms, individuals with Kerion may also exhibit signs of fungal infection such as itching and scaling of the scalp. The condition can be misdiagnosed as a bacterial infection or abscess due to the presence of pus-filled lesions. The affected area may also be warm to the touch and have a foul odor.
If left untreated, Kerion can progress to more severe complications such as permanent hair loss and scarring. In some cases, the infection may spread to other areas of the scalp or body, leading to systemic symptoms such as fever and malaise. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent these complications and to promote healing of the affected area.
🩺 Diagnosis
Diagnosis of 1F28.4 (Kerion) is typically based on a combination of clinical presentation and laboratory tests. The initial step in diagnosing Kerion is a thorough physical examination of the affected area, usually the scalp. The dermatologist will look for characteristic signs such as red, swollen, and pus-filled lesions that are tender to the touch.
In addition to the physical exam, the healthcare provider may order several tests to confirm the diagnosis of Kerion. Microscopic examination of a skin scraping or hair sample may reveal the presence of fungal spores or hyphae, which are indicative of a fungal infection. A culture of the affected area may also be performed to identify the specific type of fungus causing the Kerion.
Blood tests may be ordered to rule out other conditions that can mimic the symptoms of Kerion, such as bacterial infections or autoimmune disorders. In some cases, a skin biopsy may be necessary to definitively diagnose Kerion. This procedure involves removing a small sample of skin tissue from the affected area and examining it under a microscope for signs of fungal infection.
Overall, a combination of physical examination, laboratory tests, and sometimes a skin biopsy is used to diagnose 1F28.4 (Kerion). Early diagnosis and treatment of Kerion are crucial to prevent complications and promote optimal recovery.
💊 Treatment & Recovery
Treatment for Kerion, classified as 1F28.4 in the International Classification of Diseases, involves a combination of antifungal medications and proper hygiene practices. Antifungal medications, such as clotrimazole or terbinafine, are typically prescribed to treat the underlying fungal infection that causes the kerion.
In addition to antifungal medications, the affected area may need to be kept clean and dry to prevent further infection or irritation. This may involve regular washing of the affected area with a mild soap and water, followed by thorough drying.
For severe cases of Kerion, oral antifungal medications or corticosteroids may be prescribed to help reduce inflammation and promote healing. In some cases, a healthcare provider may also recommend the use of topical steroid creams to help reduce inflammation and itching associated with the condition.
🌎 Prevalence & Risk
In the United States, the prevalence of 1F28.4 (Kerion) is relatively low compared to other regions. Kerion is a type of severe fungal infection of the scalp that can lead to hair loss and scarring. While exact statistics on the prevalence of Kerion in the United States are limited, it is generally considered to be rare.
In Europe, the prevalence of 1F28.4 (Kerion) is also relatively low, but there are regional variations. In some parts of Europe, particularly in regions with high humidity levels, the incidence of fungal infections like Kerion may be slightly higher. However, overall, Kerion is still considered to be a rare condition in Europe.
In Asia, the prevalence of 1F28.4 (Kerion) is relatively higher compared to the United States and Europe. The warm and humid climate in many parts of Asia creates favorable conditions for fungal infections to thrive, including on the scalp. As a result, cases of Kerion are more commonly seen in countries in Asia, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions.
In Africa, like in Asia, the prevalence of 1F28.4 (Kerion) is higher compared to the United States and Europe. Similar to Asia, the warm and humid climate in many parts of Africa provides ideal conditions for fungal infections to occur, including on the scalp. As a result, cases of Kerion are more frequently encountered in countries across Africa.
😷 Prevention
To prevent 1F28.4 (Kerion), it is important to practice good hygiene to reduce the risk of infection. Regularly washing and drying the hair and scalp can help remove any dirt or bacteria that may contribute to the development of Kerion. It is also advisable to avoid sharing personal items such as combs or hats with others, as this can help prevent the spread of infections.
Furthermore, it is recommended to avoid scratching or picking at the scalp, as this can worsen the condition and increase the risk of infection. Keeping the scalp clean and free of irritation can help prevent Kerion from developing or exacerbating any existing symptoms. Additionally, seeking prompt medical attention for any scalp issues or infections can aid in early diagnosis and treatment, preventing further complications associated with Kerion.
🦠 Similar Diseases
A similar disease to Kerion with the code 1F28.4 is tinea capitis, which is a fungal infection affecting the scalp. Tinea capitis can present with similar symptoms to Kerion, including red, inflamed lesions and hair loss. The primary causative agent for tinea capitis is various species of fungi known as dermatophytes.
Another related disease with a similar code to Kerion is scalp folliculitis. Scalp folliculitis is an inflammatory condition affecting the hair follicles on the scalp, typically caused by bacterial or fungal infections. Symptoms of scalp folliculitis may include red, swollen bumps at the base of hair follicles, similar to the appearance of Kerion lesions.
A third disease akin to Kerion is seborrheic dermatitis, a chronic skin condition characterized by scaly patches, red skin, and stubborn dandruff. While seborrheic dermatitis primarily affects areas rich in oil glands, such as the scalp, face, and upper body, it can present with similar symptoms to Kerion, such as red, inflamed lesions and itchiness. Treatment for seborrheic dermatitis typically involves medicated shampoos and topical corticosteroids.